Quickstart Guide

The SparkPNT FPL-T is a cost-effective, rugged, MFi certified, all-band GNSS RTK surveying unit that can be upgraded and features a built-in RF transceiver. Its combination rover and high-precision base station functions are designed to optimize your on-site workflow.

Unlike other surveying devices, the GNSS receiver inside of SparkPNT FPL-T can be upgraded when GNSS technology improves, for additional capabilities, or just to match the rest of your fleet. The IP67 rated enclosure is constructed with an anodized aluminum body and a reinforced plastic cover. This entire kit ships in a hard-sided case, including additional accessories, and an appreciation sticker; extra silicon bumpers are also included to facilitate unit identification or serve as replacements.

Galileo HAS

With Galileo HAS enabled by on the FPL-T, users can even operate in remote locations with limited access to data, internet, or cellular services. While it takes a few minutes for FPL-T the PPP algorithm to converge on a solution, the corrections are provided for free from the Galileo GNSS constellation and has global coverage; with <20cm (<8") of precision.

Parts List

The SparkPNT FPL-T comes shipped inside a hard-sided carrying case with all the accessories need for users to get right to work. Below, is an overview of all the included parts:

All the parts included in the kit.

The individual components laid outside of the carrying case.

1. Carrying Case
2. SparkPNT FPL-T
3. Silicone bumper set
4. USB-C Cable
5. USB-C Charger (65W)
6. Thread Adapter (1/4" to 5/8")
7. LoRa Antenna (915MHz, 2dBi)

Device Overview

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Tilt compensation is not supported by this device.

Power

To power on the device, hold the () power button for around 3 seconds: the device will illuminate the display and beep. To power down the device, hold the () power button for around 3 seconds: the device will show 'Shutting Down...' and beep three times.

Power button on the front of the device.

Battery

Users can access the USB-C port, under the rubber cover, on the bottom of the device.

• Battery Charging - The FPL-T features a 49Whr battery and supports standard USB charging. A fully dead battery will charge in about 24 hours.

  tip

  Don't forget to fully close the rubber cover. The enclosure's IP67 ingress rating (waterproof to 1 meter, for up to 30 minutes), is only valid when the all the covers are sealed.

• Battery Capacity - The FPL-T includes a 7.2V 6.8Ahr (48.96Whr) battery. This should allow the device to run continuously for more than 50 hours, in worst-case conditions.

Connectivity

To provide view the device's position in real-time, and gather datapoints, abd send corrections from an NTRIP caster (or server), he SparkPNT FPL-T pairs over Bluetooth with any standard Android or iOS device.

To create a Bluetooth connection, follow these steps:

1. Power the device on.
   • Hold the () power button for more than 3 seconds. It will beep once, indicating it has turned on.
2. Once the device has powered up; the Bluetooth icon should be blinking indicating it is ready for a connection.
3. On your mobile device, connect to Bluetooth device named .

   

   Pairing from an Android device.

   

   Pairing from an iOS device.

4. Once pair, you be able to access the device in your favorite GIS app.

Status Indicators

There are two LED status indicators on the front of the FPL-T.

The LED status indicators on the FPL-T.

• The GNSS icon () indicates the GNSS solution status.
  • A yellow LED will blink once per second when a GNSS fix is achieved.
  • A green LED will illuminate solid when RTK Fix is achieved.
• The Connection icon () indicates the WiFi or BLE connection status.
  • The LED blinks once per second while waiting for a connection.
  • The LED will turn solid, once it is connected to a phone, laptop, WiFi network, etc.

Initial Setup

Users simply need to attach their FPL-T to a surveying post or mount point using the 5/8"-11 TPI threaded insert on the bottom of the FPL-T. This kit also includes a 1/4" adapter for additional mounting options.

The 5/8"-11 TPI threaded insert on the base of the FPL-T.

Orientation and Alignment

For the most accurate positioning, users should align their device as vertically straight as possible. Additionally, the user interface (front of the device) should be facing north as defined by the device's north reference point.

The antenna reference point and north reference point of the FPL-T.

When marking positions, users can also provide the pole height and distance between the ARP and APC in the RTK Everywhere firmware. This will allow users to accurately mark their positions based on the bottom of the surveying pole.

Placement and Surroundings

This section provides general placement considerations for precision GNSS surveying. Below, are some useful examples of ideal locations for surveying.

• Ideal locations
  • Open fields
  • Hilltops
• Poor locations
  • Canyons and valleys
  • Cities or dense urban areas
  • Dense foilage

Obstructions and Multipath

For precision GNSS surveying, the receiver works best with a wide-open, unobstructed view of the sky.

A wide-open, unobstructed view of the sky offers increased accuracy and precision.

Obstructions can create multiple paths for signals. This introduces timing errors into the solutions provided by the GNSS receiver reducing its precision and accuracy.

The increased signal paths, introduce timing errors into the solutions provided by the GNSS receiver.

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By default, the FPL-T ignores any signals from satellites positioned below, 15° above its horizon (see image). This mitigates any multi-path errors from any obstacles on the horizon; such as buildings, trees, cars, etc.

The FPL-T ignores any signals from the horizon (<15°) and only accepts signals from above (green).

Obstructions can also reduce the performance of the GNSS receiver and the precision of its solutions.

Obstructions reduce the distribution and number of satellites used in solutions.

Dilution of Precision

The geometric arrangement of satellites, significantly influences the precision of GNSS solutions. A well-distributed arrangement of satellites allows for more accurate positioning by minimizing errors related to signal distortion and multipath effects. When satellites are positioned at wide angles relative to each other, the geometric dilution of precision improves, enhancing precision of the positioning solutions. Conversely, when satellites cluster closely together in the sky, it can lead to degradation in the geometric dilution of precision and less reliable positioning solutions. Therefore, optimal satellite geometry is crucial for achieving high-precision GNSS solutions.

A wide-open, unobstructed view of the sky offers increased accuracy and precision.

RF Interference Sources

Nearby electronics can interfere with the reception of the GNSS signals. It is recommended that users limit the use of wireless electronics that produce RF noise. Especially those that operate near the frequencies of GNSS signal bands.

GNSS frequency bands (Source: Novatel)

Rover

In Rover mode, the FPL-T will receive L1, L2, and L5 GNSS signals from the four constellations (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou) and output the devices' position with accuracies around 700mm. The device will calculate the position based on the combination of GNSS and any correction signals (primarily SBAS, if available). Similar to a standard-grade GNSS receiver, the FPL-T will output industry standard NMEA sentences at 2Hz and can broadcast them to any paired Bluetooth® device. The end user will need to parse the NMEA sentences using commonly available mobile apps, GIS products, or embedded devices (there are many open source libraries).

Rover with RTK

In Rover with RTK mode, the FPL-T will receive GNSS signals and combine them with RTCM correction data to achieve accuracy of approximately 8mm horizontal positional accuracy and 15mm vertical accuracy. The RTCM correction data is most easily obtained over a cellular connection to the Internet using a free app on your phone (see SW Maps or Lefebure NTRIP) and sent over Bluetooth®. Additionally, corrections can be obtained over WiFi, or ESP-NOW. Correction data can come from 2nd unit setup as a base station, from a free local base station, or from a paid service. See the Quick Start guide and the NTRIP Client for more information.

The device connectivity for RTK corrections from an NTRIP network.

Rover with PPP-RTK

In Rover with PPP-RTK, the FPL-T will receive GNSS signals and combine them with correction data provided over an IP connection (usually a cell phone hotspot). The corrections are State Space Representation (SSR) based and are also known as PPP-RTK. These corrections are obtained from ublox's PointPerfect network. Time to RTK Fix can take up to 300 seconds and has 14 to 60mm horizontal positional accuracy.

Base Station

In Base Station mode the device is mounted to a fixed position (like a tripod or roof) and will initiate a survey. After 60 to 120 seconds the survey will complete and the FPL-T will begin transmitting RTCM correction data over the built in 2.4GHz radio (if ESP-NOW is enabled). A base is often used in conjunction with a second FPL-T unit (or RTK Facet, RTK Surveyor, Express, Express Plus, etc) set to Rover to obtain the 8mm accuracy. Said differently, the Base sits still and sends correction data to the Rover so that the Rover can output a really accurate position. The relative accuracy of this mode is 8mm base-to-rover but has higher (up to a meter) of absolute inaccuracy. See how to set up a permanent base to decrease the absolute inaccuracy.

Base Station with NTRIP

In Base Station with NTRIP the device will enter Base Station mode. If WiFi is available, and the NTRIP Server(s) is enabled, its corrections will be broadcast to up to four NTRIP casters and made available to any rover that also has internet access and is within 10-20km.

The device connectivity for RTK corrections from an base station.